Use APA CiteMaker to build your references and the APA7 Style blog for extra help and support.
Source: Black, S. (2020).
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Updated for APA 7th edition
In-text references (citations) and Reference lists (Bibliography) help you avoid plagiarism. When referencing the School uses APA 7th edition. APA is one of the more widely used referencing guidelines.
Use APA CiteMaker to build your references lists (bibliographies) as well as your in-text references (citations).
Referencing is a key part of the School's Academic Integrity policies and procedures. Copyright refers to who owns the work (text, images, data, etc.) you are using. Copyright and Creative Common licenses tell you if you have permission to use the other person's work and ideas.
Need more information? See the following examples, watch the video, or follow the Explore more links. See also:
There are two ways to enter in text citations or references. These are:
While both are correct it helps to be consistent and stick with one approach. See the following examples sourced from the APA Style guidelines:
Author Type | Parenthetical citation | Narrative citation |
---|---|---|
One author | (Luna, 2020) | Luna (2020) |
Two authors | (Salas & D’Agostino, 2020) | Salas and D’Agostino (2020) |
Three or more authors | (Martin et al., 2020) | Martin et al. (2020) |
Group author with abbreviation First citation Subsequent citations |
(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2020) (NIMH, 2020) |
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2020) NIMH (2020) |
Group author without abbreviation | (Stanford University, 2020) | Stanford University (2020) |
Source: Author–Date Citation System (APA Style guidelines, n.d.)
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In text reference / citation:
Narrative citations: Scribbr (2020) Parenthetical citations: (Scribbr, 2020)
Bibliography / Reference list:
Scribbr. (2020, January 23). The Basics of APA In-text Citations [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/hhD4xaGAcRs