Senior School Referencing

In-text references (citations) and Reference lists (Bibliography) help you avoid plagiarism. When referencing the School uses APA 7th edition. APA is one of the more widely used referencing guidelines.

Use APA CiteMaker to build your references lists (bibliographies) as well as your in-text references (citations).

Referencing is a key part of the School's Academic Integrity policies and procedures. Copyright refers to who owns the work (text, images, data, etc.) you are using. Copyright and Creative Common licenses tell you if you have permission to use the other person's work and ideas.

NOTE: Use the following guidelines when citing and referencing books and book chapters, parts, or sections. See also the Explore more section at the bottom of this page.

See also:

In-text reference (Citations)

Under APA 7th edition in-text references (also called citations) are the same for physical books and eBooks. Enter the author or author's name followed by the year of publication. If you are referring to a specific chapter, section or page add this information to you in-text reference.

Parenthetical citation: (Indovino, 2014)

Narrative citation: Indovino (2014)

Direct quote - include the page reference

"After earning her master's degree, Uma decided she wanted a PhD in material science." (Indovino, 2014, p. 31.)

In their 2017 annual report BHP noted that "since FY2012 [they] have reduced unit costs across the business by more than 40%". (BHP, 2017, p.7)

Indirect quote

Uma Chowdry had multiple degrees including a PhD in material science. (Indovino, 2014)

Reference lists [Bibliographies]:

When referencing a physical book: 

Broome, R. (2005). Aboriginal victorians : a history since 1800. Allen & Unwin.

OR

When referencing an eBook​

Broome, R. (2005). Aboriginal victorians : a history since 1800. Allen & Unwin. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=133861&site=ehost-live&scope=site&authtype=ip,sso&custid=mggsvic

Note: Kerferd Library eBook providers such as EBSCO, Gale and JSTOR provide the reference as well as the permanent URL that you use in your references. Ask one of  the librarians show you how to use this feature as it will save you time.

Corporate authors:  

Use the author's name, if there is not an author use the editor's name followed with (Eds.). When the book is published by an organisation (there is no person listed as the author), use the organisation's name in full. This is called a corporate author. If an organisation is the author it is standard practice to use the organisations full name in the first in-text reference (citation) and then use a standard and consistent abbreviation for all other in text references. For example.:

First in text reference / citation: (BHP Billiton Limited [BHP], 2017)

Each subsequent in text reference / citation: (BHP, 2017)

Examples of references using corporate authors:

​

BHP Billiton Limited. (2018). BHP annual report, 2017. Melbourne, Vic. & London, UK. BHP Billiton Limited and BHP Billiton Plc.

OR​

BHP Billiton Limited. (2018). BHP annual report, 2017. https://www.bhp.com/media-and-insights/reports-and-presentations/2017/09/2017-annual-reporting-suite.